Anxiety In Breast Cancer Patients Research Articles

Effectiveness of WeChat-assisted preoperative education to reduce perioperative anxiety in breast cancer patients: a prospective randomized controlled study protocol

BackgroundBreast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women globally, and surgical procedures continue to be the primary treatment. However, over 50% of patients experience preoperative anxiety due to the unknown and fear associated with surgery. Although drug therapy is commonly used to address this anxiety, its side effects have led to a heated debate regarding its effectiveness. Consequently, non-pharmacological therapies, such as preoperative education, have emerged as an alternative approach to alleviate anxiety. WeChat, a widely popular social media platform, offers a public platform that can potentially be utilized for effective preoperative education. This study aims to evaluate the use of WeChat public platform as a tool for preoperative education in patients undergoing breast surgery.MethodsThis is a prospective, randomized, and controlled trial will involve 392 adult women scheduled for breast cancer resection. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the WeChat education group or the regular group. In addition to regular preoperative visits, the WeChat education group will also watch science videos through the WeChat public platform. The regular group will only receive education from ward nurses during preoperative visits. The primary outcome measure will be the incidence of preoperative anxiety, defined by scores of the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) exceeding 40 points. Secondary outcome measures include the incidence of severe anxiety (SAI > 44) on the day before surgery, incidence of anxiety 72 h after surgery, incidence of severe anxiety 72 h after surgery, NRS scores for pain at rest and during activity 24, 48, and 72 h after surgery, incidence of nausea and vomiting within 24 h after surgery, subjective sleep score at 1 week postoperatively, quality of life QoR-15 scores at 1 and 3 months postoperatively, incidence of chronic pain at 3 months postoperatively, bowel function recovery, length of hospital stay, and hospitalization expenses.DiscussionThis is the first clinical trial to investigate the use of WeChat public platform for delivering preoperative education on perioperative anxiety in breast cancer patients. By utilizing the renowned WeChat public platform, our study aims to improve patient outcomes by providing video education that explains the disease, surgery, and anesthesia in a more accessible manner, thereby reducing the incidence of perioperative anxiety. If our hypothesis is confirmed, this non-pharmacological approach can be universally acknowledged as a cost-effective and practical method in clinical care. Its application can also be extended to other medical fields beyond breast cancer.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05291494. Registered on 29 December 2021.

A comparison between effects of sudoku and mandala painting on anxiety of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Once diagnosed with breast cancer, many women may experience psychological complications, such as anxiety. The grueling treatments that such patients may undergo, for example, chemotherapy, not only cause specific complications for them but also increase their anxiety level. A technique to manage these psychological consequences in patients with breast cancer is to play Sudoku or do Mandala painting. This study aimed to compare the effects of Sudoku and Mandala painting on the anxiety level of patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 patients with breast cancer in Arak, Iran. The patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected through purposive sampling, and then they were assigned to one of the Mandala painting or Sudoku groups using block randomization. The data were collected using a demographics form and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). All participants in both groups completed the research questionnaires before the intervention. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS-26. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test anxiety scores in both Sudoku and Mandala painting groups (P = 0.0001). The difference between the pre-test and post-test mean anxiety scores was 6.09 ± 4.02 in the Sudoku group and 48.93 ± 13.8 in the Mandala painting group. The results of the inter-group comparison also showed a significant difference between the two groups in post-test mean anxiety score (P = 0.0001), proving that Mandala painting was more effective in reducing the anxiety of patients. Mandala painting was more effective than Sudoku in reducing the anxiety level of patients with breast cancer. It can be hence concluded that Mandala painting can be used as a relaxing art therapy technique in these patients.

Comparative Study of the Effects of Duloxetine and Venlafaxine on Acute Symptomatic Taxane-induced Neuropathy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Chemotherapeutic agents have the potential to induce neurotoxicity, resulting in a range of symptoms, including mild paresthesia, neuropathic pain, pronounced ataxia, and significant impairment. Taxane-induced neuropathy (TIN) is a prevalent adverse effect and a significant constraint of Taxane-based chemotherapy protocols in treating breast cancer. In this current study, we aim to compare the effects of Venlafaxine and Duloxetine in taxane-induced Neuropathy as well as the quality of life, Depression, and Anxiety in Breast cancer Patients. The present study investigated breast cancer patients who experienced acute neuropathic pain after receiving paclitaxel treatment, a chemotherapeutic agent. The participants were allocated randomly into two groups, one receiving Venlafaxine and the other receiving Duloxetine. The participants underwent assessments for anxiety, depression, pain, neuropathy, quality of life, and neuropathic pain through the administration of questionnaires at the commencement of the study and after ten weeks following the intervention. Both groups exhibited decreased neuropathic pain, with the venlafaxine group significantly reducing McGill's pain score. Although, the result is not suggestive of a difference between venlafaxine and duloxetine impact on any variables scores. Duloxetine and Venlafaxine effectively treat neuropathic symptoms such as paraesthesia, tingling, and itching. Venlafaxine is also beneficial for relieving pain associated with neuropathy.This trial was retrospectively registered on 1.1.2023 at irct.ir (trial registration ID: IRCT20220115053723N1). URL: https://www.irct.ir/trial/62540/pdf.

FAKTOR USIA BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KECEMASAN PADA PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA YANG MENJALANI KEMOTERAPI

Breast cancer is a disease caused by irregular division of body cells so that cell growth cannot be controlled and will grow into a tumor lump. The need for cancer therapy is increasing along with the increasing prevalence of breast cancer incidence. One of the effects of chemotherapy for breast cancer patients is anxiety. Anxiety is a vague fear and feelings of insecurity, isolation, helplessness, and uncertainty. This condition often arises due to a fear of imagining the side effects of chemotherapy and the future due to the disease will cause changes in his life. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship with anxiety in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Baladhika Husada Jember Hospital. The design used in this study was cross sectional. The population in this study was 311 people and the sample used was 76 people. The sampling technique used is probability sampling with a simple random sampling method. Based on the chi square test, it is known that the p<0.001 (p<0.05), meaning that there is a significant relationship between age and anxiety in breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy at Baladhika Husada Jember Hospital.

The Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in Breast Cancer Patients and their Correlation with Socio-Demographic Factors

Introduction: Being diagnosed with breast cancer or receiving surgery, radiation or chemotherapy as a treatment modality in itself is seen as a traumatic experience for many women. This emotional distress is in turn associated with reduced quality of life and can pose a negative influence on compliance with treatment. Ultimately leading to an elevated risk of mortality which is also seen as the sixth vital sign in cancer care.Aim & Objectives: The purpose of our study is to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety in breast cancer patients and their correlation with socio-demographic factors. Materials and Methods: A cohort of 140 breast cancer patients registered in the Department of Radiation Oncology, SMS medical College, Jaipur from January 2022 to December 2022 were recruited and interviewed with a structured questionnaire including socio-clinical and demographic factors and PHQ-2 and GAD-2 scales. Results: Prevalence of depression among patients were 37.9% (53/140) and almost one third (33.6%, 47/140) of cases had anxiety. Around two thirds (69.3%, 97/140) cases had stage III breast cancer, followed by stage II in 23 (16.4%) cases and 20 (14.3%) cases had IV stage breast cancer. The place of residence, educational status, employment status, accompanying person and marital status emerged as significant predictors of depression risk, while age group, marital status and financial status were found to have statistically significant association with elevated anxiety symptoms.Conclusion: This study shows that prevalence of anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients is high and patients from rural areas, single, low monthly income, younger age group and low education level were more prone. Therefore, special care and support and often referral to psychiatry department may be required in such group of patients.

Pain and anxiety in patients with breast cancer treated with morphine versus tramal with virtual reality

The treatment of pain and anxiety in cancer patients includes both pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological approaches. The researchers of this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of morphine versus Tramal with virtual reality therapy (VR) in reducing pain and anxiety in female patients with breast cancer. The sample was composed of 80 women with breast cancer who where treated at a specialized cancer center in Jordan. A quasi-experimental design was used in the study intervention. When used with VR, the tramal analgesics did not differe significactly from the effect of morphine in reducing the pain and anxiety. However, both groups had a significant drop in the level of pain and anxiety. When combined with VR, the use of weak opioids such as Tramal will have nearly the same effect as strong opioids such as Morphine in reducing pain and anxiety in breast cancer patients.

Establishment and Validation of a Predictive Model for Post-Treatment Anxiety Based on Patient Attributes and Pre-Treatment Anxiety Scores.

In this study, we aim to establish and evaluate a predictive model for post-treatment anxiety state based on basic patient attributes and pre-treatment SAS scores, with the expectation that this model will guide clinical precision intervention. Data were collected from 606 patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery at our hospital between January 1, 2015 and December 30, 2018 and 144 newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer who were admitted between June 1, 2019 and December 30, 2019, for a total of 750 patients with breast cancer. The relationship between SAS_A scores and prognosis was verified by analyzing patient baseline characteristics, follow-up data, pre-treatment self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, and SAS_A scores in follow-up period after the end of treatment. A risk prediction model was developed in view of the SAS_A scores, which was then screened, validated, and simplified by scoring, with a nomogram plotted. The SAS_A score can be utilized to differentiate prognosis. In K-M analysis, the high SAS_A score group had a significantly poorer progression-free survival rate than the low score group, p-value < 0.0001. Through model feature selection and clinical analysis, all variables were finally incorporated to establish a predictive model with a ROC AUC of 0.721 (0.637-0.805) for the validation set and external data, and an AUC of 0.810 (0.719-0.902) for external data, demonstrating good predictive performance. Calibration curves and probability distribution maps were constructed. DCA and CIC analyses demonstrated that model intervention could boost clinical benefits more effectively than intervention for all patients. Using a predictive model to guide clinical management for anxiety in breast cancer patients is feasible, but additional research is required.

Family support and anxiety: A correlational study among women with stage III breast cancer

Background: Breast cancer exerts a broad impact on psychological well-being, notably leading to heightened anxiety levels. Uncontrolled anxiety can interfere with planned therapy, making it crucial to understand its underlying factors. Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between family support and anxiety in patients with stage III breast cancer. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design and selected 41 respondents through purposive sampling. Family support was assessed using the Sarason Social Support Questionnaire, while anxiety levels were measured with The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Statistical analysis utilized the Spearman-Rho correlation.  Results: The majority of breast cancer patients in the sample exhibited low levels of family support (n=22, 53.7%). On average, respondents reported an anxiety score of 80.78. The analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between family support and anxiety in breast cancer patients (p = 0.04), with a correlation coefficient of -0.316. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the importance of enhancing the quality of service in the treatment room and initiating early detection of patients experiencing psychosocial issues. Additionally, involving families in the therapy implementation process may prove beneficial. Nurses play a crucial role in addressing these aspects to better support patients throughout their breast cancer journey.

Anxiety Levels of Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Introduction: Breast cancer is a moderately severe disease characterized by uncontrolled growth and the continuous spread of abnormal cells that can damage the surrounding tissues. Goal: Anxiety levels of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Qualitative research with a case study approach. Kuesinoer Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRS-A) measuring slat. Result: Showed the subject that I had undergone chemotherapy with a score of 25 in the moderate anxiety category. In subject II, the score was: 39 in the severe anxiety category. In subject III, the score resulted: 42 with a category of severe anxiety once. Conclusion: The anxiety level of breast cancer patients while undergoing chemotherapy varies with experienced and inexperienced chemo cycles during the Covid-19 period. Hospitals are expected to continue improving professional services, especially for breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, which can assess the anxiety of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Mindfulness-Based Therapy in Patients with Breast Cancer with Depression and Anxiety: A Literature Review

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Breast surgery and follow-up treatment for breast cancer patients are accompanied by side effects, which have a negative impact on both the mental health and quality of life of breast cancer survivors. At present, mindfulness is regarded as an effective way to improve psychological problems. Mindfulness based interventions are common means to improve the depression, anxiety of breast cancer patients. This paper reviews the mindfulness based interventions related to breast cancer, and studies the impact of MBSR, MBCT and MBAT in MBI on breast cancer patients. The results showed that MBI had a positive effect on depression, anxiety in breast cancer patients. This review found that the intervention time and the participation of breast cancer patients played an important role in the intervention effect.

Qualitative study of the fertility information support experiences of young breast cancer patients.

This qualitative study aimed to deeply understand the current experience of fertility information support for young breast cancer patients and to provide further evidence supporting the development of a fertility information support project. Using purposive sampling, 18 young breast cancer patients were selected for in-depth interviews from June to September 2022. Colaizzi's seven step analysis method and NVivo software were used to analyze and organize the interview data. Three themes and 10 subthemes were summarized from the interview data: Information anxiety (strong information demand, insufficient information support, information explosion, and information security); reproductive concerns (desire for fertility, anxiety about their children's health, denial of one's health, multiple burdens of emotional interweaving); and family support (the importance of good family relations, the need for a positive marital relationship). Medical staff should realize the importance of information support for young breast cancer patients and correctly identify the obstacles to insufficient information support. By establishing a fertility information support program, patients' awareness and the quality of fertility information support can be improved to reduce fertility anxiety in breast cancer patients.

Effectiveness of Peer Support on Quality of Life and Anxiety in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Breast cancer patients report high levels of psychosocial maladjustment after hospital discharge. Peer support may play an important role in improving anxiety and quality of life in breast cancer patients. This study aimed to assess the effect of peer support on quality of life and anxiety in breast cancer patients. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies were conducted, using data sourced from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, SinoMed, China Science and Technology Periodical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to October 15, 2021. The RCTs reporting the effect of peer support intervention on quality of life and anxiety in breast cancer patients were included. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, that is, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the pooled effect size. Results: A total of 14 studies were included in the systematic review and 11 in the meta-analysis. The pooled results revealed that peer support significantly improved quality of life (SMD = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.28–1.11) and anxiety (SMD = −0.45, 95% CI = −0.88 to −0.02) in breast cancer patients. The quality of evidence was low as all studies showed the risk of bias and inconsistency. Conclusion: Peer support intervention has the potential to effectively improve psychosocial adaptations in breast cancer patients. Future studies with a robust design and larger sample size are needed to investigate the potential factors associated with the beneficial effects of peer support.

Risk factors for heightened COVID-19-Related anxiety among breast cancer patients.

BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has disrupted medical care, increased isolation, and exacerbated anxiety in breast cancer patients. Since March 2020, Breastcancer.org experienced a sustained surge in requested pandemic‐related information and support. To characterize the pandemic‐related experiences of breast cancer patients, we surveyed the Breastcancer.org Community early in the COVID‐19 era.Methods Breastcancer.org Community members were invited to complete an online questionnaire regarding their experience during the pandemic. Self‐reported data on demographics, comorbidities, care disruptions, anxiety, coping ability, telemedicine use, and satisfaction with care were collected. Results were analyzed using Stata 16.0 (Stata Corp., Inc).ResultsIncluded were 568 current and previous breast cancer patients, primarily with U.S. residence. Overall, 43.8% reported at least one comorbidity associated with severe COVID‐19 illness and 61.9% experienced care delays. Moderate to extreme anxiety about contracting COVID‐19 was reported by 36.5%, increasing with number of comorbidities (33.0% vs. 55.4%, p = 0.021), current breast cancer diagnosis (30.4% vs. 42.5%, p = 0.011), and poorer coping ability (15.5% vs. 53.9%, p < 0.0001). Moderate to extreme anxiety about cancer care disruptions was reported by 29.1%, increasing with current breast cancer diagnosis (19.1% vs. 38.9%, p < 0.0001), actual delayed care (18.9% vs. 35.3%, p < 0.0001), and poorer coping ability (13.1% vs. 57.7%, p < 0.0001). Most utilized telehealth and found it helpful, but also expressed increased anxiety and subjectively expressed that these were less preferable.ConclusionEarly in the COVID‐19 pandemic, anxiety was reported by a large proportion of breast cancer patients, with increased prevalence in those with risk factors. Attention to mental health is critical, as emotional distress not only harms quality of life but may also compromise outcomes.

Side Effects of Endocrine Therapy Are Associated With Depression and Anxiety in Breast Cancer Patients Accepting Endocrine Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study in China.

ObjectiveHormone positive breast cancer patients bear side effects of endocrine therapy and that may be related to depression and anxiety. We sought to find an association between mental health and side effects of endocrine therapy.MethodsA total of 398 patients participated. Sociodemographic, disease profile, and side effects questionnaires were administered. We screened for depressive and anxiety disorders by using the SDS (Self-Rating Depression Scale) and SAS (Self-Rating Anxiety Scale).ResultsThe prevalence of depression and anxiety in our study were 33.4% (133) and 13.3% (53), respectively. Depression was linked to education level (≤8 years, OR = 3.59, 95% CI: 2.22–5.78), night sweats (yes, OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.17–3.09), vaginal dryness (yes, OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.19–4.16), and fatigue (yes, OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.21–3.11); anxiety was associated with education level (≤8 years, OR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.62–6.08), time to diagnosis (≤ 3 years, OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.13–4.07), osteopenia (yes, OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.26–4.70), loss of hair (yes, OR = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.10–7.15), and fatigue (yes, OR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.54–5.43). A stratified analysis according to age (≤45 years and > 45 years) was performed as an exploratory. None of factor-age interactions was statistically significant.ConclusionSide effects of endocrine therapy were significantly associated with anxiety and depression. Side effects deserve greater emphasis and clinical interventions are needed to reduce anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients accepting ET.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of muscle relaxation training vs. conventional nursing on the depression, anxiety and life quality of patients with breast cancer.

BackgroundMuscle relaxation training is a method of gradually relaxing the whole body by consciously controlling the process of muscle contraction and relaxation, which is mostly used to improve the physical and mental health of breast cancer patients and improve the quality of life of patients. We conducted a systematic review to compare the effects of muscle relaxation training and conventional nursing on the psychological health and quality of life (QoL) of breast cancer patients. The results of this study provide a basis for nursing program selection of breast cancer patients.MethodsThe PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data, (China Biology Medicine disc) CBM, and WWW.CQVIP.COM (VIP) databases were searched to retrieve articles on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs on the effects of muscle relaxation training on the mental health and QoL of breast cancer patients. The search period ran from the establishment of the databases to August 31st, 2021. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. Stata 15.0 software was then used for the meta-analysis.ResultsFunnel plots were analyzed by E Egger’s test and Begg’s test. The results of the test (P>0.05) showed that the possibility of publication bias was small. A total of 13 RCTs and quasi-RCTs, comprising 1,355 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. The results for the outcome measures were as follows: level of depression [weighted mean difference (WMD) =–9.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): –11.96 to –6.65, level of anxiety (WMD =–8.96, 95% CI: –10.06 to −7.86)], and QoL (WMD =13.13, 95% CI: 7.24, 19.02). The results showed that muscle relaxation training can significantly reduce depression and anxiety in breast cancer patients, improve their quality of life, and can be used as the first choice for breast cancer patients to improve negative emotions.DiscussionMuscle relaxation training significantly reduced the depression and anxiety of breast cancer patients, improved their QoL, and brought about both psychological and QoL improvements.

Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Cross-sectional Study

BACKROUND: The early management for distress, depression, and anxiety in breast cancer patients can help improves quality of life that adherence patients to cancer treatment. AIM: This study aimed to describe the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression symptomatology of breast cancer patients in the inpatients and outpatient settings. METHODS: This study used a research and development study design. The study was conducted in at the University Clinical Center of Kosovo the Medical Oncology Clinic in Pristina from August to October 2021. The total sample in this study consisted of 50 female breast cancer patients diagnosed at least 6 months before the date of assessment, aged 18 and above, able to communicate in Albanian, signed an informed consent form, negative history of other malignancies, and absence of any temporary acute illness affecting psychological well-being while filling the questionnaire. Questionnaire used in our study is Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for assessing anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients. RESULTS: For anxiety score, some of them were caseness level with 82%, while 26% of study participants were in borderline, 6% in caseness, and some of them were in normal level from 68% on the depression score. The patients feel tense or wound up with 44% Mean/SD (14.67 ± 6.02), about feeling afraid that something terrible will happen and patients may have this feel Mean/SD (13 ± 1.66). Over half of them had the feeling of fear as if something awful is about to happen Mean/SD (11.33 ± 4.03) and that the feeling of fear as if they had “butterflies” in the stomach of 62% had the feeling sometimes, beautiful often, and very often Mean/SD (10.33 ± 4.92). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that it is very important to measure the level of anxiety and depression in women with breast cancer, which are two common mental disorders in breast cancer.

Involuntary narratives of decreasing anxiety in breast cancer patients: Study in Ukraine

AbstractBackgroundThe main purpose of our study was to theoretically substantiate and practically verify the effectiveness of the developed method of reducing anxiety in breast cancer patients.MethodWe suggest that involuntary narratives, such as spontaneous, unprepared and non‐structural writing without rumination, help to express fears and concerns, thoughts and emotions and, as a result, decrease the level of anxiety. The respondents (49 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer at the Oncology Center of Ternopil, Ukraine, mean age 55.43 ± 11.31 years) were asked to write down (for 10 days) all their emotions and thoughts, which appeared in the morning immediately after awakening. They were asked to provide spontaneous thoughts without proper grammar, not observing lexical or spelling rules.ResultsComparison of the level of state anxiety and differential emotions in the experimental and control groups before and after the experiment showed a statistically significant decrease in the level of anxiety and negative emotions in breast cancer patients.ConclusionsThe primary practical application of the study is the prospect of using involuntary narratives to decrease anxiety in breast cancer patients.

Assessment of Depression and Anxiety in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy in Palestine

The aim of this study was to assess experienced depression and anxiety among early breast cancer patients during radiotherapy. Women who started radiotherapy for breast cancer (n = 125) were asked to answer two questionnaires: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Radiotherapy Categorical Anxiety Scale during radiation therapy. The highest mean for anxiety and depression was for those who received education more than BA (SD = 3.2) and those who received less than secondary education (SD = 3.16), respectively. Also, the highest mean for patients’ number of children related with anxiety was for those who have more than three children (SD = 2.87), while for depression was (SD = 3.01). Anxiety and depression were also correlated to patient age where both showed the highest mean for those who aged between 31 and 40 (SD = 2.89), and those who are more than 51 years old (SD = 3.15), respectively. The highest anxiety and depression mean for treatment duration was for those treated for more than 3 months (SD = 3.2), and for those treated between 1 and 3 months (SD = 3), respectively. Some intervention may be needed to decrease the temporary anxiety and depression raised during radiotherapy for early-stage breast cancer patients.

Comparing Different Psychoeducational Interventions to Decrease Treatment Related Anxiety in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy

To determine the effect of different psychoeducational interventions on reducing treatment related anxiety in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Ninety-eight women were randomly assigned, in order of accrual, to one of three groups. Arm A watched an informative DVD explaining the complete treatment process prior to simulation. Arm B received a personal explanation about the treatment plan prior to the first treatment from a medical physicist, and Arm C (control) received no extra intervention. All patients filled out validated stress and anxiety questionnaires (STAI-Y, distress thermometer) at four time points: after the first physician appointment, after simulation, after first treatment, and at the end of the treatment course. Post-lumpectomy women ages 30-70 were eligible to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria were patients receiving chemotherapy and patients with known depression or anxiety disorders. Patient mean age was 56±10 (range 34-77). There were 33, 31, and 34 subjects for groups A, B, and C, respectively. The initial STAI-Y and distress thermometer results showed no significant differences between the three groups, as expected. Differences between study groups were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) model, and we used least square analysis for multiple comparisons. All tests were two-tailed, and a p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. After the first treatment the thermometer distress score for Arm B (explanation from a medical physicist) was highly statistically significantly lower compared to both Arms A, (p<0.0043) (informative DVD) and C (p<0.0051). There was no difference between the control arm (C) and the DVD group (B) at this point, indicating that watching a DVD before simulation did not allay patients’ fear or distress. There were no significant differences between arms in the STAI scores. After the last treatment there was again no significant difference between study arms. However, within each group there was a significant reduction in distress thermometer scores from the first to the last treatment. A personal explanation by a medical physicist was highly effective in reducing pre-treatment anxiety, although over the course of treatment all women’s anxiety lessened significantly. This probably indicates that over time, through familiarity with both the treatment process and staff, patients’ distress gradually lessens. Our results indicate that there is an important role for medical physicists in routine patient care. After the initial explanation, patients continued to interact with the physicist as they met in the department during treatment, and we believe and that this personal connection is important in improving the overall patient treatment experience and in helping alleviate treatment related anxiety and distress.

Hubungan Dukungan Sosial dengan Kecemasan dan Depresi pada Pasien Kanker Payudara di RSU Raden Mattaher Jambi

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in woman. In Europen there are approximately 175,000 cases found regarding breast cancer and more than 165,000 patients died if the cancer is not controlled, whereas in the United States 44,000 patients died of breast cancer. According to the Hospital Statistics in the Breast Cancer Hospital Information System, Indonesia is the first rank of the most breast cancer patients which can be found in almost every hospital in Indonesia. The impact of breast cancer on the aspects of bio- psycho- social- spritual in breast cancer patients include anxiety and depression.Unfortunately this study is not commonly carried aut by researchers. One effort to reduce anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients is to provide social support. This study aims to determine the relationship of social support with anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients. The method used is analytic cross- sectional study.Also this study is conducted at Raden Mattaher Hospital in Jambi, with 97 breast cancer patients were picked as participants. Data sampling that is utilised in this study was incidental sampling.The data were colleted by using several methods, such as the Multidemensional Scale of Perceived of Social Support (MSPSS) instrument, and the Hospital Anxiety and depression Scale (HADS), and later those data were analysed with Bivariate Analysis using the Chi Square test. The results showed that the average age of breast cancer patient is 46,57, length of diagnosis is 28,59 months, low education level patient is 68,0%, patient who has merried is 91,8%, unemployed patient is 78,4%, patient who reseived good social support is 54,6%, patient with anxiety is 49,5%, and patient with depression is 50,5%. There is relationship between social support and anxiety in breast cancer patients, with (p:0,000).